#Use PowerShell to Determine AD Site Name
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techdirectarchive · 8 months ago
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How to determine Active Directory Site Name
In this article, you will learn how to determine Active Directory Site name. Active Directory (AD) sites enable efficient management of organizations with geographically dispersed branches under a single domain. This solution allows for geographic organization of an AD network without altering the logical structure. Please see “How to install Endpoint Configuration Manager on HyperV VM“, and…
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dritaassociates · 3 years ago
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Windows update iptrace
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#WINDOWS UPDATE IPTRACE UPDATE#
#WINDOWS UPDATE IPTRACE SOFTWARE#
Tip: Try to open the ETL file using a text-editor such as Notepad, as many file types contain simply contain unformatted plain-text and can viewed correctly using this method. Please check back soon for more information as we are constantly updating our file descriptions based on search frequency. We have yet to investigate this file type further, or there was not enough information available at the time to report accurately on the format. You are safe to close the Command Prompt window now. Day 4: Use PowerShell to Find Missing Updates on WSUS Client Computers. Day 3: Approve or Decline WSUS Updates by Using PowerShell. Day 2: Use PowerShell to Perform Basic Administrative Tasks on WSUS. Day 1: Introduction to WSUS and PowerShell. This data file format was added to our database by a visitor to this site, but no additional information was provided. txt should be created on your desktop that contains the tracert results. You can also see Boe’s biography in the Day 1 blog. The purpose of this utility is to show you the path your traffic takes when you. You can open it with Notepad and read it to. When it finishes running, the cmdlet will create the classic WindowsUpdate.log file in your Desktop folder. Type the following command at the PowerShell console: Get-WindowsUpdateLog.
#WINDOWS UPDATE IPTRACE UPDATE#
If you are unable to open the file this way, it may be because you do not have the correct application associated with the extension to view or edit the ETL file. There is a common utility known as traceroute, or tracert in DOS and Windows. To find the Windows Update Log in Windows 10, do the following. It also is commonly referred to by the name of the tools used to perform the trace typically traceroute on Linux based systems and tracert on Windows. The best way to open an ETL data file is to simply double-click it and let the default assoisated application open the file. Hop is a location where packets stop while reaching the destination. TRACERT (Traceroot Utility) uses varying IP Time-To-Live (TTL) values. A Simple Python Script that uses requests and json module to fetch ip details using the IP Geolocation API. To get started using the site, enter in your search terms in the Search box above or visit our FAQ for search tips. Windows Traceroute command-line utility is used to trace a route of the network by sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packets to the network destination. We want your feedback Visit our newsgroup or send us an email to provide us with your thoughts and suggestions. If you are aware of any additional file formats that use the ETL extension, please let us know. Welcome to the Microsoft Update Catalog site. ETL extension are known as Microsoft Event Trace Log files, however other file types may also use this extension.
#WINDOWS UPDATE IPTRACE SOFTWARE#
Have you found, downloaded or received an ETL file, but don't know which software program is required to open it?īefore attempting to open an ETL file, you'll need to determine what kind of file you are dealing with and whether it is even possible to open or view the file format.Īnswer: Files which are given the.
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colorload71 · 4 years ago
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Download Cryptolocker Virus For Testing
Nov 12, 2013 The Crypto Locker virus is passed around in emails that have innocent enough looking senders, such as UPS or FedEx, but they’re not really from these corporations, of course. Instead, when you open the attachment, your computer becomes infected and the virus locks all your files until you pay a ransom. Jun 30, 2014 thanks. I see so many new samples (like cryotowall 3.0) that I have moved on from the original cryptolocker. As my antivirus protects against all crypto’s using email/web reputation and also detecting the crypto process, then I am no longer looking for policies to prevent. I am using trend micro worry free 9 with sp1 and the latest hotfix for.
Download Cryptolocker Virus For Testing Tool
Cryptolocker Virus Symantec
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What Is Cryptolocker Virus
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What is CryptoLocker?
CryptoLocker is by now a well known piece of malware that can be especially damaging for any data-driven organization. Once the code has been executed, it encrypts files on desktops and network shares and “holds them for ransom”, prompting any user that tries to open the file to pay a fee to decrypt them. For this reason, CryptoLocker and its variants have come to be known as “ransomware.”
Malware like CryptoLocker can enter a protected network through many vectors, including email, file sharing sites, and downloads. New variants have successfully eluded anti-virus and firewall technologies, and it’s reasonable to expect that more will continue to emerge that are able to bypass preventative measures. In addition to limiting the scope of what an infected host can corrupt through buttressing access controls, detective and corrective controls are recommended as a next line of defense.
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“This really opened my eyes to AD security in a way defensive work never did.”
FYI, this article is CryptoLocker specific. If you’re interested in reading about ransomware in general, we’ve written A Complete Guide To Ransomware that is very in-depth.
Update September 2018: Ransomware attacks have decreased significantly since their peak in 2017. CryptoLocker and it’s variants are no longer in wide distribution, and new ransomware has taken over. Ransomware has evolved as more of a targeted attack instead of the previous wide distribution model, and is still a threat to businesses and government entities.
What Does CryptoLocker Do?
On execution, CryptoLocker begins to scan mapped network drives that the host is connected to for folders and documents (see affected file-types), and renames and encrypts those that it has permission to modify, as determined by the credentials of the user who executes the code.
CryptoLocker uses an RSA 2048-bit key to encrypt the files, and renames the files by appending an extension, such as, .encrypted or .cryptolocker or .(7 random characters), depending on the variant. Finally, the malware creates a file in each affected directory linking to a web page with decryption instructions that require the user to make a payment (e.g. via bitcoin). Instruction file names are typically DECRYPT_INSTRUCTION.txt or DECRYPT_INSTRUCTIONS.html.
As new variants are uncovered, information will be added to the Varonis Connect discussion on Ransomware. For example, a variant known as “CTB-Locker” creates a single file in the directory where it first begins to encrypt files, named, !Decrypt-All-Files-(RANDOM 7 chars).TXT or !Decrypt-All-Files-(RANDOM 7 chars).BMP.
How to Prevent CryptoLocker
The more files a user account has access to, the more damage malware can inflict. Restricting access is therefore a prudent course of action, as it will limit the scope of what can be encrypted. In addition to offering a line of defense for malware, it will mitigate potential exposure to other attacks from both internal and external actors.
While getting to a least privilege model is not a quick fix, it’s possible to reduce exposure quickly by removing unnecessary global access groups from access control lists. Groups like “Everyone,” “Authenticated Users,” and “Domain Users,” when used on data containers (like folders and SharePoint sites) can expose entire hierarchies to all users in a company. In addition to being easy targets for theft or misuse, these exposed data sets are very likely to be damaged in a malware attack. On file servers, these folders are known as “open shares,” if both file system and sharing permissions are accessible via a global access group.
Although it’s easiest to use technologies designed to find and eliminate global access groups, it is possible to spot open shares by creating a user with no group memberships, and using that account’s credentials to “scan” the file sharing environment. For example, even basic net commands from a windows cmd shell can be used to enumerate and test shares for accessibility:
net view (enumerates nearby hosts)
net view host (enumerates shares)
net use X: hostshare (maps a drive to the share)
dir /s (enumerates all the files readable by the user under the share)
These commands can be easily combined in a batch script to identify widely accessible folders and files. Remediating these without automation, unfortunately, can be a time-consuming and risky endeavor, as it’s easy to affect normal business activity if you’re not careful. If you uncover a large amount of accessible folders, consider an automated solution. Automated solutions can also help you go farther than eliminating global access, making it possible to achieve a true least-privilege model and eliminate manual, ineffective access-control management at the same time.
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How to Detect CryptoLocker
If file access activity is being monitored on affected files servers, these behaviors generate very large numbers of open, modify, and create events at a very rapid pace, and are fairly easy to spot with automation, providing a valuable detective control. For example, if a single user account modifies 100 files within a minute, it’s a good bet something automated is going on. Configure your monitoring solution to trigger an alert when this behavior is observed. Varonis DatAlert monitors and tracks file system behavior for ransomware attacks out-of-the-box. There is no need for extra configuration if Varonis is monitoring your data.
If you don’t have an automated solution to monitor file access activity, you may be forced to enable native auditing. Native auditing, unfortunately, taxes monitored systems and the output is difficult to decipher. Instead of attempting to enable and collect native audit logs on each system, prioritize particularly sensitive areas and consider setting up a file share honeypot.
A file share honeypot is an accessible file share that contains files that look normal or valuable, but in reality are fake. As no legitimate user activity should be associated with a honeypot file share, any activity observed should be scrutinized carefully. If you’re stuck with manual methods, you’ll need to enable native auditing to record access activity, and create a script to alert you when events are written to the security event log (e.g. using dumpel.exe).
If you’re PowerShell inclined, we’ve written a bit on how to combat CryptoLocker with PowerShell.
If your detective control mechanism can trigger an automated response, such as disabling the user account, the attack is effectively stopped before inflicting further damage. For example, a response to a user that generates more than 100 modify events within a minute might include:
Notifying IT and security administrators (include the affected username and machine)
Checking the machine’s registry for known keys/values that CryptoLocker creates:
Get-Item HKCU:SoftwareCryptoLockerFiles).GetValueNames()
if value exists, disable user automatically.
Download Cryptolocker Virus For Testing Tool
If recorded access activity is preserved and adequately searchable, it becomes invaluable in recovery efforts, as it provides a complete record of all affected files, user accounts, and (potentially) hosts. Varonis customers can use the output from report 1a (as described here) to restore files from a backup or shadow copy.
Depending on the variant of CryptoLocker, encryption may be reversible with a real-time disassembler.
Ransomware Safety Tips
Update your antivirus and endpoint protection software – these solutions can help detect certain types of ransomware and prevent it from encrypting your files.
Avoid phishing scams – phishing emails are the most prevalent delivery mechanism for ransomware.
Keep backups of your documents – it’s much faster and easier to recover your documents from a backup than it is to decrypt them, if they’ve been compromised in a ransomware attack.
Commit to a zero-trust/least privilege model – ransomware can only affect the folders a user can write to. A least privilege model limits that access to only what’s absolutely necessary.
Monitor file activity and user behavior to detect, alert and respond to potential ransomware activity.
New ransomware variants are popping up all the time – luckily our dedicated security forensics team does the legwork for you and diligently updates the ransomware signatures that Varonis detects. See how it works with a free 1:1 demo and learn more about how our ransomware defense architecture is designed to protect enterprise data from zero-day attacks beyond the endpoint – catching ransomware that traditional perimeter security doesn’t see.
If you ever needed a reminder to be careful about the emails and attachments you open, it’s now. The Crypto Locker virus that is going around is said to be one of the worst ever and is infecting computers with the Windows OS all across the United States. The virus, also called “ransomware,” works by holding your files hostage until you pay a fee.
The Crypto Locker virus is passed around in emails that have innocent enough looking senders, such as UPS or FedEx, but they’re not really from these corporations, of course. Instead, when you open the attachment, your computer becomes infected and the virus locks all your files until you pay a ransom. Check out a picture of what the Crypto Locker demand screen looks like:
Cryptolocker Virus Symantec
Well i found this sample on my PC i when i was scanning my box. 😛 anyways might be this sample is useful for you.Please handle with care.
RAR Pass: 123
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Download from here !
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What Is Cryptolocker Virus
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Tushar Verma (c0d3369)
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shinydragoncrown · 4 years ago
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The User Does Not Have Rsop Data
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This works well only if that User executing the command has logged-in once at-least in the target computer. Else it throws below error. The user does not have RSOP Data. Method 2: Method 2 is to use Get-GPResultantSetOfPolicy PowerShell command-let which is detailed here. This command also works similar to Method 1 and requires User to login at-least once. The User Does Not Have Rsop Data; Rsop Data Not Available; Rsop Command Line; This is because the user specified has never logged onto the PC before. If you need to gather RSOP data without logging onto a PC, try using the GPMC management console and running the Group Policy Modelling Wizard instead. Group Policy – GPResult Examples. The user “domain user” does not have RSOP data. INFO: The user 'domain userid' does not have RSOP data. When I log on locally or via RDP to this server I can run gpresult. When I log off and rerun the script, the server I have logged on to is succesful, but the other servers I have not yet logged on to are not. I figured this would be caused by a lack of a userprofile on the local.
GPResult is a command-line utility for determining the resultant set of policy for a given user and/or computer. In other words, it shows you what Group Policy Objects have been applied and their settings. This is typically one of the first tools I go to when troubleshooting Group Policy from a client once basic connectivity has been confirmed (e.g. Network/DNS). The tool itself is very simple to use and I will run through some common examples below.
Rsop Windows 10
List GPOs Applied with Summary Data
/r Displays RSOP summary data
This is pretty useful when you simply want to see what GPOs have applied and in what order. It will also display summary data, such as last time group policy was applied, which Domain Controller it was applied from, the site, security groups and if the slow link threshold has been activated. If you are unsure if a GPO has been applied, this is a quick way of checking.
Here we see that 4 GPOs have applied to the Computer settings portion.
Export Rsop Data
If you don’t want to view both Computer and Users settings in the output you can request one or the other with the /scope flag. Rise of nations gold edition full download.
The output reads fairly well from within the command prompt, but if you need to export the output you could use either of the following.
Gpresult /r > gpresult.txt Export output to a text file Gpresult /r |clip Export output to Windows clipboard
I can’t see the Computer Settings?
If UAC is enabled, running GPResult without elevating the command prompt will only show you the user settings. If you want to see both user and computer settings, elevate the command prompt by either tapping the winkey+cmd then ctrl+shift+enter or right click on the command prompt and select run as administrator. If you elevate with an admin account different to the currently logged in user (common if the user does not have administrator rights), then you will receive an error message stating INFO: The user “domainuser” does not have RSOP data. This is because GPResult is using the elevated user’s context. To work around this, specify the standard user that you are troubleshooting.
Generate HTML Report
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/h Saves the report in HTML format /f Forces GPresult to overwrite the file name specified with /h /user Specifies the user name for which the RSOP data is to be displayed
To get a more graphical view of what’s going on, you can generate a HTML report. This gives a detailed break down of each setting and the GPO from which it came. This view is particularly nice as you can show all and use ctrl+f to find a particular policy or setting.
Run GPResult on Remote Computer
/s Specifies the remote system to connect to
This allows you to run GPResult on a remote system, all of the above applies.
The following GPOs were not applied because they were filtered out
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You may see this for a few reasons. The first that the policy is empty in which case you’ll see Filtering: Not Applied (Empty), this is fairly self explanatory. The second is Filtering: Denied (Security), which typically boils down to the “Apply Group Policy” permission on the GPO. You may also see Filtering: Denied (Unknown Reason) Echo j12 cycle computer manual. which is similar to (Security) in that the “Read” permissions has been denied.
To review the last two examples, launch the GPMC (Group Policy Management Console). https://shinydragoncrown.tumblr.com/post/642641332888846336/how-to-create-windows-10-theme-pack. Find the offending GPO, and select Delegation- from there you may see an additional group or a single user or machine that has been added.
Click on advanced and review the permissions against the object. In this case you can see that the Seven computer object has been denied Apply Group Policy resulting in the Filtering: Denied (Security) message.
If in doubt, select Advanced -> Effective Access and enter the required computer or user object. If you scroll down to around halfway you’ll see the Apply Group Policy permission with either a green tick of a red cross against it. If deny read has been granted every permission will have a red cross next to it.
I hope this gives you the basics behind GPResult and some good real world example to aid in your Group Policy troubleshooting.
2007-08-22 12:00:00 UTC
Hello, I have written a little script that checks and reports what group policies have been applied to a number of servers. In short the scripts runs the following command foreach of the servers: gpresult /S <servername> /U <domainuserid /> /P <password> /SCOPE COMPUTER /USER <domainuserid> When I run the script (or gpresult manually) I get the error message: INFO: The user 'domainuserid' does not have RSOP data. When I log on locally or via RDP to this server I can run gpresult. When I log off and rerun the script, the server I have logged on to is succesful, but the other servers I have not yet logged on to are not. I figured this would be caused by a lack of a userprofile on the local computer, so I embeded a psexec -e (the one that creates a profile, not the newest that avoids creating a profile on the remote computer) command in the script to create a userprofile on the remote computer before running gpresult on it. This did however not work, a userprofile directory was created, but that was not adequate for gpresult to work correctly. The only difference with loging on locally or via RDP was that the user did not get its own registrykey under HKEY_USERS. It looks like gpresult wants to check the HKEY_USERS<SID of user> to check for user gpo's applied. Although I only want to check computer policies, the lack of possiblity to check user policies for the user is stopping me. Does anyone know how I can have the userprofile load correctly, including creating the HKEY_USERSusersid key from a commandline (preferably remote)? Is there any other way of getting the same info as gpresult /S <servername> /SCOPE COMPUTER ? Any help would be appreciated, instead of having to log on interactively at all my servers. Greetings, Jos Rossiau
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enterinit · 5 years ago
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Configuration Manager Technical Preview 2005
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Configuration Manager Technical Preview 2005. You can now initiate an application install in real time for a tenant attached device from the Microsoft Endpoint Management admin center. Helpdesk users can initiate real-time queries and run PowerShell scripts from the cloud against an individual Configuration Manager managed device and return the results to the admin center. Additionally, you can now see a timeline of events that shows past activity on the device that can help you troubleshoot problems for each device. Tenant attach: Device timeline in the admin center When Configuration Manager synchronizes a device to Microsoft Endpoint Manager through tenant attach, you can now see a timeline of events. This timeline shows past activity on the device that can help you troubleshoot problems. Tenant attach: Install an application from the admin center You can now initiate an application install in real time for a tenant attached device from the Microsoft Endpoint Management admin center. Tenant attach: CMPivot from the admin center Bring the power of CMPivot to the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center. Allow additional personas, like Helpdesk, to be able to initiate real-time queries from the cloud against an individual ConfigMgr managed device and return the results back to the admin center. This gives all the traditional benefits of CMPivot, which allows IT Admins and other designated personas the ability to quickly assess the state of devices in their environment and take action. Tenant attach: Run Scripts from the admin center Bring the power of the Configuration Manager on-premises Run Scripts feature to the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center. Allow additional personas, like Helpdesk, to run PowerShell scripts from the cloud against an individual Configuration Manager managed device. This gives all the traditional benefits of PowerShell scripts that have already been defined and approved by the Configuration Manager admin to this new environment. VPN boundary type To simplify managing remote clients, you can now create a new boundary type for VPNs. Previously, you had to create boundaries for VPN clients based on the IP address or subnet. This configuration could be challenging or not possible because of the subnet configuration or the VPN design. Now when a client sends a location request, it includes additional information about its network configuration. Based upon this information, the server determines whether the client is on a VPN. All clients that connect through a VPN automatically belong to the boundary group associated with this new boundary type. Azure AD authentication in Software Center This release fixes an issue with Software Center and Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) authentication. For a client detected as on the intranet but communicating via the cloud management gateway (CMG), previously Software Center would use Windows authentication. When it tried to get the list of user available apps, it would fail. It now uses Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) identity for devices joined to Azure AD. These devices can be cloud-joined or hybrid-joined. Install and upgrade the client on a metered connection Previously, if the device was connected to a metered network, new clients wouldn't install. Existing clients only upgraded if you allowed all client communication. For devices that are frequently roaming on a metered network, they would be unmanaged or on an older client version. Starting in this release, client install and upgrade both work when you set the client setting Client communication on metered internet connections to Allow. To define the behavior for a new client installation, there's a new ccmsetup parameter /AllowMetered. When you allow client communication on a metered network for ccmsetup, it downloads the content, registers with the site, and downloads the initial policy. Any further client communication follows the configuration of the client setting from that policy. Task sequence media support for cloud-based content Even though there are more remote devices to manage these days, you may still have business processes to recover devices using task sequence media. For example, you send a USB key to a remote user to reimage their device. Or a remote office that has a local PXE server, but devices mainly connect to your main network over the internet. Instead of further taxing the VPN to download large OS deployment content, boot media and PXE deployments can now get content from cloud-based sources. For example, a cloud management gateway (CMG) that you enable to share content. Improvements to cloud management gateway cmdlets With more customers managing remote devices now, this release includes several new and improved Windows PowerShell cmdlets for the cloud management gateway (CMG). You can use these cmdlets to automate the creation, configuration, and management of the CMG service and Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) requirements. For example, an Azure administrator first creates the two required apps in Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). Then you write a script that uses the following cmdlets to deploy a CMG: Import-CMAADServerApplication: Create the Azure AD server app definition in Configuration Manager.Import-CMAADClientApplication: Create the Azure AD client app definition in Configuration Manager.Use Get-CMAADApplication to get the app objects, and then pass to New-CMCloudManagementAzureService to create the Azure service connection in Configuration Manager.New-CMCloudManagementGateway: Create the CMG service in Azure.Add-CMCloudManagementGatewayConnectionPoint: Create the CMG connection point site system. Community hub and GitHub The IT Admin community has developed a wealth of knowledge over the years. Rather than reinventing items like Scripts and Reports from scratch, we've built a Configuration Manager Community hub where IT Admins can share with each other. By leveraging the work of others, you can save hours of work. The Community hub fosters creativity by building on others' work and having other people build on yours. GitHub already has industry-wide processes and tools built for sharing. Now, the Community hub will leverage those tools directly in the Configuration Manager Console as foundational pieces for driving this new community. For the initial release, the content made available in the Community hub will be uploaded only by Microsoft. Currently, you can't upload your own content to GitHub for use by Community hub. Community hub supports the following objects: PowerShell ScriptsReportsTask sequencesApplicationsConfiguration items Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise Office 365 ProPlus was renamed to Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise on April 21, 2020. Starting in this technical preview the following changes have been made: The Configuration Manager console has been updated to use the new name.This change also includes update channel names for Microsoft 365 Apps.A banner notification was added to the console to notify you if one or more automatic deployment rules reference obsolete channel names in the Title criteria for Microsoft 365 Apps updates. If you use Title as criteria for Microsoft 365 Apps updates in your automatic deployment rules, use the next section to help modify them. Update channel information for Microsoft 365 Apps When Office 365 ProPlus was renamed to Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise, the update channels were also renamed. If you use an automatic deployment rule to deploy updates, you'll need to make changes to your rules if they rely on the Title property. That's because the name of update packages in the Microsoft Update Catalog is changing. Currently, the title of an update package for Office 365 ProPlus begins with "Office 365 Client Update" as seen in the following example:     Office 365 Client Update - Semi-annual Channel Version 1908 for x64 based Edition (Build 11929.20648) For update packages released on and after June 9, the title will begin with "Microsoft 365 Apps Update" as seen in the following example:     Microsoft 365 Apps Update - Semi-annual Channel Version 1908 for x64 based Edition (Build 11929.50000) New Channel namePrevious Channel nameSemi-Annual Enterprise ChannelSemi-Annual ChannelSemi-Annual Enterprise Channel (Preview)Semi-Annual Channel (Targeted)Monthly Enterprise ChannelNACurrent ChannelMonthly ChannelCurrent Channel (Preview)Monthly Channel (Targeted)Beta ChannelInsider Report setup and upgrade failures to Microsoft If the setup or update process fails to complete successfully, you can now report the error directly to Microsoft. If a failure occurs, the Report update error to Microsoft button is enabled. When you use the button, an interactive wizard opens allowing you to provide more information to us. In technical previews, this button is always enabled even when the setup completes successfully. When running setup from the media rather than the console, you'll also be given the Report update error to Microsoft option if setup fails. Notification for Azure AD app secret key expiration Based on your UserVoice feedback, if you Configure Azure services to cloud-attach your site, the Configuration Manager console now displays notifications for the following circumstances: One or more Azure AD app secret keys will expire soonOne or more Azure AD app secret keys have expired Improvements to BitLocker task sequence steps Based on your UserVoice feedback, you can now specify the Disk encryption mode on the Enable BitLocker and Pre-provision BitLocker task sequence steps. The Enable BitLocker step also now includes the setting to Skip this step for computers that do not have a TPM or when TPM is not enabled.  Improvements to the content library cleanup tool If you remove content from a distribution point while the site system is offline, an orphaned record can exist in WMI. Over time, this behavior can eventually lead to a warning status on the distribution point. The content library cleanup tool in delete mode could remove orphaned files from the content library. It can now also remove orphaned content records from the WMI provider on a distribution point.  Remove command prompt during Windows 10 in-place upgrade During a task sequence to upgrade a device to Windows 10, during one of the final Windows configuration phases a command prompt window opens. The window is on top of the Windows out-of-box experience (OOBE), and users can interact with it to disrupt the upgrade process. Starting in this release, the SetupCompleteTemplate.cmd and SetupRollbackTemplate.cmd scripts from Configuration Manager include a change to hide the command prompt window. Read the full article
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ashleymiles48-blog · 6 years ago
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How SharePoint Migrate Users from One Domain to Another
Organizations use Microsoft SharePoint for monitoring projects and improved collaboration among employees. SharePoint is a private network that stores all information and profiles of all employees in the departments. When companies decide to take down their intranet because it no longer serves them or for whatever reason, they want to make sure that all user profiles are retained. This why they migrate user profiles from one SharePoint domain to another.
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There are things you need to consider before you migrate SharePoint users to new domain. There are different ways of migrating users in Microsoft SharePoint, and we’ll discuss more of that in this blog.
Take note that this blog will only talk about the Move-SPUser cmdlet that applies only to SharePoint Servers 2010, 2013, 2016, and 2019. A cmdlet is a command used in the Windows PowerShell environment. The Move-SPUser cmdlet allows for migration of user access from one domain user account to another.
Here’s an example of migrating a user profile from domain A to the new account of the said profile in domain B with security identified (SID) history enabled. Every time an object is transferred or migrated from one domain to another, a new SID is created and becomes the objectSID. The example below is for a user named Anne Smith.
$user = Get-SPUser -Identity "DomainA\AnneSmith" -Web https://webUrl
Move-SPUser -Identity $user -NewAlias "DomainB\AnneSmith"
You can also migrate a user from domain A to the new account in domain B. Below is a sample script of how you do this migration from DOMAIN\AnneSmith to Domain\AnneMiller. This example is helpful to user profiles who changed their last name.
$user = Get-SPUser -Identity "DOMAIN\AnneSmith" -Web https://webUrl
Move-SPUser -Identity $user -NewAlias "Domain\AnneMiller" -IgnoreSid
You can also transfer a user account from old domain to the new account in another domain using the Windows Claims. Just remember that -IgnoreSid should be used with Move-SPUser when using a Claims Identity like Windows Claims.
$user = Get-SPUser -Identity "i:0#.w|DOMAIN\AnneSmith" -Web https://webUrl
Move-SPUser -Identity $user -NewAlias "i:0#.w|Domain\AnneMiller" -IgnoreSid
Remember that you must have a valid site where the user account resides in the UIL if you want to use the Move-SPUser.
You can also use the SharePoint Team Server Administration (STSADM) for user migration if you’re using the SharePoint 2007. Please see below for the code.
stsadm -o migrateuser -oldlogin 'i:0#.w|lab\jdoe' -newlogin 'i:0#.w|xenonatom\jdoe' -ignoresidhistory
You can also migrate active directory groups in Microsoft SharePoint from old to new domain using PowerShell. Here’s a sample script.
#Old and New Groups
$OldLogin="OldDomain\Group"
$NewLogin="NewDomain\Group"
#Migrate AD Group
$Farm = Get-SPFarm
$Farm.MigrateGroup($OldLogin, $NewLogin)
Tips Before Migrating Users
Determine the individual or group profiles to be carried to the new domain. There are instances when user or group profiles will not be used in the new domain because these accounts may no longer be working in the company or a certain department or division has been dissolved.
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There are also users who temporarily use accounts because they are only working for a company as contractual. If a project-based employee leaves, his or her user profile must also be taken down. So, before migrating user profiles, the accounts must be checked and verified by the company.
You also need to assess how many user profiles must be carried to the new domain because migrating user accounts can take up space. This is why verifying the active accounts to be transferred to a new domain is crucial.
Another important thing to consider before SharePoint migrate users from one domain to another is you have to check if there are duplications to user profiles. Names of employees or users may have similar first names and last names. Updated user profile information like contact number, email addresses, job title, department, and the like must also be validated to avoid hassle in the future.
User profile permissions must also be considered and be recorded before you migrate SharePoint users to new domain. Permissions of user profiles in the old domain are not carried in the new domain. If you have a record of the user permissions, that would be beneficial.
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There you have it. We hope we helped you with at least the first few steps on how to migrate SharePoint users to new domain. Have you tried migrating user profiles from one domain to another? How has it worked for you and what tools did you use?
Let us know in the comment section if you have other ways in migrating user profiles across different domains. We’d love to know your experience. Don’t forget to share this blog on your social media accounts.
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pentesterdude · 6 years ago
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Ransomware - The stuff nightmares are made of. How to survive these malicious attacks
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          photo courtesy of whyquantumphysicists.wordpress.com
     Recently, Jackson County Georgia is the latest victim to fall prey to Ransomware. They were kind enough to pay over $400,000 to recover all of their information that in their own words would have left them "crippled for months". You can read all about it here. That said, the first question everyone says is who is to blame?” The reality is that in this day and age it is extremely difficult to determine that. The problem is that there are so many ways to get ransomware, and no matter what precaution a person takes, there is always a chance they will get you. With the onset of cloud storage like Dropbox, Google Drive, and One Drive the potential for damage isn’t just for businesses, but also for consumers as well.
How it works     
     Ransomware comes in a variety of flavors. The latest, Ryuk, which is currently unencryptable, is just one more variant of the same disease. The problem is that this, like other diseases, tends to mutate to stay alive. This causes even the best of AntiVirus to be able to miss it. A person may become infected with ransomware  via email, file download from an infected website, or intentionally installing unknown software on a computer. There are those of us out there that remember when popular PC Magazines used to give away CDs with trial software and it had the big disclaimer “Not responsible for any viruses that these files may contain.” Ever wonder why?     
     The problem with Ransomware is that it is a true nuisance. What the virus does is completely up to the person or persons that have created it. Once the software gets on your computer, it places a well hidden file that creates a backdoor to “call home” to the attacker. Sometimes it is detected, sometimes it is not. The outcome can be anything from switching files around and changing names, to deleting files, or in worst case scenarios, stealing of data or encryption of data. The attackers then “hold the data for ransom” and expect payment in bitcoins (if they’re smart) which is virtually impossible to trace. This may net them sensitive data, health information, proprietary data, or any combination thereof.  
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                       photo courtesy of gizmodo.com
Where does that leave us? Well it may be no big deal for you to go through the hassle of totally rebuilding your computer and losing all the data you have, but for most this is not an exciting possibility. It only impacts you right? Not quite. In most cases, the virus releases what is called a “worm”. This is appropriately named, because it slithers through the network without need for human interaction and wreaks havoc on others. The kids are going to love what you’ve done with that xbox... From a business standpoint, it can crawl through network shares and to other resources connect to the network and do quite a bit of damage. Good news. Some variants even seek out you email contact list and you get to send the gift that keeps on giving. Moms going to love that.
    So now that we have discussed this, what do we do about it? Here are a few things that may help you out.
    First, things first. Backup those files. If you can, use a system that allows you to keep some sort of versioning so you have multiple back ups. If is best to use a removable drive or thumb drive to keep these files in a safe place detached from the system.
    Second, the one that aggravates people the most. Allow updates. These updates not only help keep the system up to date, but they also patch “bugs” in the operating system so people can’t get in. Remember, by the time the patch comes out this bug is well known, and I assure you people are using it to take over machines.
    Third, when it comes to email, if you don’t know them don’t open attachments or click links. Attachments come in different shapes and sizes, and it isn’t always the zip file or the executable that is malicious. Today people embed files in word documents, spreadsheets, and even pdfs. You open it and away it goes. Even if you know the person, if you didn’t expect the email or file, call them and verify they actually sent it. They may be infected and not even know it.
    Don’t use pirated software or media. Many people try to cheat the system and save some money. They use key cracks, software that is on torrents, watch pirated movies, or download unauthorized music. These sites are breeding grounds for people to do malicious things and you are a willing participant. Not only is it illegal, but it may cost you more than if you simply purchased the media legitimately in the first place.
    Don’t user browser plugins. This one hurts. People love their coupon savers and other fun add ins, but these are nothing more than code that is added to the browser. Where there is code, there is malicious code.
    On that note, don’t visit risky sites. If it seems like you may be doing something questionable, someone else probably is as well. Listen to your browser. If it tells you this site is unsafe, it probably is. Clicking and going ahead is a recipe for disaster and defeats the purpose of what the security warning was trying to accomplish in the first place, protecting you.
    If you use Microsoft office regularly, disable macros by default. This way if you do open something, the script will have a harder time infecting you.
    Lastly, use a reputable antivirus suite and keep it up to date. If you are a business and the suite includes host intrusion prevention, set it so that applications cannot execute powershell without your permission. If you are a consumer, spend a few dollars. The free ones are of little use if they do not have behavioral checks. If it is free, that usually means you are the guinea pig that lets them know what needs added. Do you research and pick what is best for you.
    In the end, you best defense is common sense. We all get those periods where we are busy and tend to try to push through things we know we shouldn’t and we gamble. A great deal of times we win, but when we lose, we lose big. Ultimately, a few extra seconds can save you heartache in the long run.
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johnattaway · 6 years ago
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robertbryantblog · 6 years ago
Text
Who Ssl Https Protocol
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terabitweb · 6 years ago
Text
Original Post from Microsoft Secure Author: Todd VanderArk
This is the first in a blog series discussing the tools, techniques, and procedures that the Microsoft Detection and Response Team (DART) use to investigate cybersecurity incidents at our customer organizations. Today, we introduce the team and give a brief overview of each of the tools that utilize the power of the cloud. In upcoming posts, we’ll cover each tool in-depth and elaborate on techniques and procedures used by the team.
Key lessons learned from DART’s investigation evolution
DART’s investigation procedures and technology have evolved over 14 years of assisting our customers during some of the worst hack attacks on record. Tools have evolved from primarily bespoke (custom) tools into a blend of commercially available Microsoft detection solutions plus bespoke tools, most of which extend the core Microsoft detection capabilities. The team contributes knowledge and technology back to the product groups, who leverage that experience into our products, so our customers can benefit from our (hard-won) lessons learned during our investigations.
This experience means that DART’s tooling and communication requirements during incident investigations tend to be a bit more demanding than most in-house teams, given we’re often working with complex global environments. It’s not uncommon that an organization’s ability to detect and respond to security incidents is inadequate to cope with skilled attackers who will spend days and weeks profiling the organization and its employees. Consequently, we help organizations across many different industry verticals and from those experiences we have collated some key lessons:
Detection is critical (and weak)—One of the first priorities when the team engages to assist with an incident investigation at a customer site is to increase the detection capability of that organization. Over the years, we’ve seen that industry-wide detection has stayed the weakest of the Protect, Detect, Respond triad. While the average dwell time numbers are trending downward, it’s still measured in days (usually double digit numbers) and days of access to your systems is plenty of time to do massive damage.
Inadequate auditing—More often than not, DART finds that organizations don’t turn on auditing or have misconfigured auditing with the result that there is not a full record of attacker activities. See auditing best practices for Active Directory and Office 365. In addition, given the current prolific use of weaponized PowerShell scripts by attackers, we strongly recommend implementing PowerShell auditing.
Static plus active containment—Static containment (protection) controls can never be 100 percent successful against skilled human attackers, so we need to add in an active containment component that can detect and contain those attackers at the edge and as they move around the environment. This second part is crucial—as they move around the environment—we need to move away from the traditional mindset of “Time to Detect” and implement a “Time to Remediate” approach with active containment procedures to disrupt attackers’ abilities to realize their objective once in the environment. Of course, attackers that have been in the organization for a very long time require more involved investigation and planning for an eviction event to be successful and lessen any potential impact to the organization.
These lessons have significantly influenced the methodology and toolsets we use in DART as we engage with our customers. In this blog series, we’ll share lessons learned and best practices of organizations and incident responders to help ensure readiness.
Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA) framework
Before we can act in any meaningful way, we need to observe attacker activities, so we can orient ourselves and decide what to do. Orientation is the most critical step in the Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA) framework developed by John Boyd and overviewed in this OODA article. Wherever possible, the team will light up several tools in the organization, installing the Microsoft Management Agent (MMA) and trial versions of the Microsoft Threat Protection suite, which includes Microsoft Defender ATP, Azure ATP, Office 365 ATP, and Microsoft Cloud App Security (our Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) solution named illustrated in Figure 1). Why? Because these technologies were developed specifically to form an end-to-end picture across the attacker cyber kill-chain framework (reference Lockheed Martin) and together work swiftly to gather indicators of anomaly, attack, and compromise necessary for successful blocking of the attacker.
The Microsoft ATP platform of tools are used extensively by the Microsoft Corporate IT security operations center (SOC) in our Cyber Defence Operations Center (CDOC), whose slogan is “Minutes Matter.” Using these technologies, the CDOC has dropped their time to remediate incidents from hours to minutes—a game changer we’ve replicated at many of our customers.
Microsoft Threat Protection
The Microsoft Threat Protection platform includes Microsoft Defender ATP, Azure ATP, Office 365 ATP, as well as additional services that strengthen security for specific attack vectors, while adding security for attack vectors that would not be covered by the ATP solutions alone. Read Announcing Microsoft Threat Protection for more information. In this blog, we focus on the tools that give DART a high return on investment in terms of speed to implement versus visibility gained.
Figure 1. Microsoft Threat Protection and the cyber kill-chain.
Although the blog series discusses Microsoft technologies preferentially, the intent here is not to replicate data or signals—the team uses what the customer has—but to close gaps where the organization might be missing signal. With that in mind, let’s move on to a brief discussion of the tools.
Horizontal tools: Visibility across the cyber kill-chain
Horizonal tools include Azure Sentinel and Azure Security Center:
Azure Sentinel—New to DART’s arsenal is Azure Sentinel—the first cloud-native SIEM (security investigation and event management). Over the past few months, DART has deployed Azure Sentinel as a mechanism to combine the different signal sets in what we refer to as a SIEM and SOAR as a service. SOAR, which stands for security orchestration and automation, is indispensable in its capability to respond to attacker actions with speed and accuracy. Our intention is not to replicate a customer SIEM but to use the power of the cloud and machine learning to quickly combine alerts across the cyber kill-chain in a fusion model to lessen the time it takes an investigator to understand what the attacker is doing.
Importantly, machine learning gives DART the ability to aggregate diverse signals and get an end-to-end picture of what is going on quickly and to act on that information. In this way, information important to the investigation can be forwarded to the existing SIEM, allowing for efficient and speedy analysis utilizing the power of the cloud.
Azure Security Center—DART also onboards the organization into Azure Security Center, if not already enabled for the organization. This tool significantly adds to our ability to investigate and pivot across the infrastructure, especially given the fact that many organizations don’t yet have Windows 10 devices deployed throughout. Security Center also does much more with machine learning for next-generation detection and simplifying security management across clouds and platforms (Windows/Linux).
DART’s focus for the tool is primarily on the log analytics capabilities that allow us to pivot our investigation and, furthermore, utilize the recommended hardening suggestions during our rapid recovery work. We also recommend the implementation of Security Center proactively, as it gives clear security recommendations that an organization can implement to secure their on-premises and cloud infrastructures. See Azure Security Center FAQs for more information.
Vertical tools: Depth visibility in designated areas of the cyber kill-chain
Vertical tools include Azure ATP, Office 365 ATP, Microsoft Defender ATP, Cloud App Security, and custom tooling:
Azure ATP—The Verizon Data Breach Report of 2018 reported that 81 percent of breaches are caused by compromised credentials. Every incident that DART has responded to over the last few years has had some component of credential theft; consequently Azure ATP is one of the first tools we implement when we get to a site—before, if possible—to get insight into what users and entities are doing in the environment. This allows us to utilize built-in detections to determine suspicious behaviour, such as suspicious changes of identity metadata and user privileges.
Office 365 ATP—With approximately 90 percent of all attacks starting with a phishing email, having ways to detect when a phishing email makes it past email perimeter defences is critical. DART investigators are always interested in which mechanism the attacker compromised the environment—simply so we can be sure to block that vector. We use Office 365 ATP capabilities— such as security playbooks and investigation graphs—to investigate and remediate attacks faster.
Microsoft Defender ATP—If the organization has Windows 10 devices, we can implement Microsoft Defender ATP (previously Windows Defender ATP)—a cloud-based solution that leverages a built-in agent in Windows 10. Otherwise, we’ll utilize MMA to gather information from older versions of Windows and Linux machines and pull that information into our investigation. This makes it possible to detect attacker activities, aggregate this information, and prioritize the investigation of detected activity.
Cloud App Security—Cloud App Security is a multi-mode cloud access security broker that natively integrates with the other tools DART deploys, giving access to sophisticated analytics to identify and combat cyberthreats across the organizations. This allows us to detect any malicious activity using cloud resources that the attacker might be undertaking. Cloud App Security, combined with Azure ATP, allows us to see if the attacker is exfiltrating data from the organization, and also allows organizations to proactively determine and assess any shadow IT they may be unaware of.
Custom tooling—Bespoke custom tooling is deployed depending on attacker activities and the software present in the organization. Examples include infrastructure health-check tools, which allow us to check for any modification of Microsoft technologies—such as Active Directory, Microsoft’s public key infrastructure (PKI), and Exchange health (where Office 365 is not in use) as well as tools designed to detect use of specific specialist attack vectors and persistence mechanisms. Where machines are in frame for a deeper investigation, we normally utilize a tool that runs against a live machine to acquire more information about that machine, or even run a full disk acquisition forensic tool, depending on legal requirements.
Together, the vertical tools give us unparalleled view into what is happening in the organization. These signals can be collated and aggregated into both Security Center and Azure Sentinel, where we can pull other data sources as available to the organization’s SOC.
Figure 2 represents how we correlate the signal and utilize machine learning to quickly identify compromised entities inside the organization.
Figure 2. Combining signals to identify compromised users and devices.
This gives us a very swift way to bubble up anomalous activity and allows us to rapidly orient ourselves against attacker activity. In many cases, we can then use automated playbooks to block attacker activity once we understand the attacker’s tools, techniques, and procedures; but that will be the subject of another post.
Next up—how Azure Sentinel helps DART
Today, in Part 1 of our blog series, we introduced the suite of tools used by DART and the Microsoft CDOC to rapidly detect attacker activity and actions—because in the case of cyber incident investigations, minutes matter. In our next blog we’ll drill down into Azure Sentinel capabilities to highlight how it helps DART; stay posted!
Azure Sentinel
Intelligent security analytics for your entire enterprise.
Learn more
Bookmark the Security blog to keep up with our expert coverage on security matters. Also, follow us at @MSFTSecurity for the latest news and updates on cybersecurity.
The post Changing security incident response by utilizing the power of the cloud—DART tools, techniques, and procedures: part 1 appeared first on Microsoft Security.
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Go to Source Author: Todd VanderArk Changing security incident response by utilizing the power of the cloud—DART tools, techniques, and procedures: part 1 Original Post from Microsoft Secure Author: Todd VanderArk This is the first in a blog series discussing the tools, techniques, and procedures that the Microsoft Detection and Response Team (DART) use to investigate cybersecurity incidents at our customer organizations.
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quickclickhosting · 6 years ago
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What Ispconfig Quizlet
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lbcybersecurity · 8 years ago
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Using DNS to Clean Your Pipes
I really despise ads, they completely ruin my browsing experience. Auto-playing videos, popup and overlay ads, and Forbes begging me to buy a subscription or “turn off your adblocker.” It‘s all a drag, and although an browser-based ad-blocker will take care of most of them, ad-blockers work when you can actually install them in the browser Many of us have more than just desktops and laptops on our home networks. Gaming consoles, smart-phones, tablets, E-Readers, and more. How do you block ads on those devices if you can’t install ad-blockers on them?
To take it a step beyond just ads and focusing on security as well, many ad-blockers don’t block malware domains, browser-based bitcoin miners, and phishing sites. Even if you could configure your ad-blocker to handle these security issues, it still wouldn’t apply to your devices in which you have no control over the browser. The only way to really ensure what sites your devices can ‘talk’ to is to control the answers it gets from the server to their DNS queries.
The Power of DNS
If you’re not familiar with DNS, think of it like a phonebook. Wait, come to think of it, I haven’t owned a phonebook in over a decade. Instead, think of DNS like the contacts list in your phone, except instead of just the folks you know, it contains the names and phone numbers of everyone on Earth. That way, when I want to call Last Days of Autumn to see what beers they have on tap, I simply search my contacts for Last Days of Autumn and my phone dials the correct number (865–202–4298). DNS works much in the same way. When you want to visit savagesec.com, your machine asks its assigned DNS server “What is the IP address that savagesec.com is assigned?” and then your browser takes you there (198.49.23.144). DNS ensures you don’t need to memorize or keep a record book of all the IP addresses for your favorite sites, much like your contact book keeps the phone numbers of your favorite people.
Because your network queries DNS for almost every connection, it can be a very powerful network control. For example, if we can tell our devices that the drive-by malware site, supermaliciousdomain.com, resolves to 0.0.0.0, when we attempt to browse to the site, it goes nowhere, thus saving us from an infection. It doesn’t affect direct IP address connections, which we’ve seen in some malware, but for the most part advertisers and malactors use DNS names to communicate instead of directly contacting IP addresses.
Building a Pi-hole
To build a Pi-Hole, you’ll first need to build a Raspberry Pi. CanaKit makes some pretty solid kits that include everything you need. At a minimum you’ll need:
Raspberry Pi 3 Model B
2.5A Micro-USB Power Supply
A MicroSD Card (I used 32GB)
A case for your Pi (optional, but a good idea. You could also build one out of Legos.)
To make it easy, I recommend buying this kit from CanaKit and tossing in a MicroSD card to your cart. This will bring your total investment to ~$63.
About the size of a credit card, just much thicker.
Once you’ve purchased your RasPi, download Raspbian. I recommend the Lite version because we aren’t going to need a GUI, so why introduce the overhead?
Once you’ve downloaded the image, follow these directions specific to your Operating System. I use Linux as a my daily driver, so the following is what I did. Your steps may be different depending on your OS.
After downloading and extracting the Raspbian Lite image, I plugged in my MicroSD to my machine and wiped it out using gparted. Next, we need to write the Raspbian image to the SD card. I did this using the dd command.
First, determine what device is your microSD card/target. You can do this on Linux with sudo fdisk -l. I know my SD card is showing itself to the OS as 29.7 GB, so I just look for that device.
Disk /dev/sde: 29.7GB. That’s my MicroSD.
Next, we are going to take the Raspbian image and use dd to write it to the SD card as follows. Remember, when using dd, if=input file and of=output file. In my case, the command is as follows:
sudo dd if=2017–11–29-raspbian-stretch-lite.img of=/dev/sde bs=1M conv=fsync
Now it’s time to eject the microSD and insert it into our Raspberry Pi to boot for the first time. You will need a source of power, a keyboard, an HDMI hookup for a display, and a network connection (I went with a wired connection).
Upon initial login, your username/password will be pi/raspberry. I advise you change this as soon as you login. You can change your password by simply typing passwd and pressing Enter.
Next, make sure you have an IP address with the ifconfig command and then update the system with the following commands:
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
Next, let’s download and execute the Pi-Hole install script:
curl -sSL https://install.pihole.net>install.sh chmod +x install.sh sudo bash install.sh
At this point, you’ll walk through the setup. When you get to the page that asks if you are OK with the IP settings, say no so you can assign a static address. If you opt to use a DHCP address, make sure you set a DHCP reservation in your router.
After install is complete, it’s a good idea to set your admin console password to something you can remember. Do this with the following command:
sudo pihole -a -p
After you’ve set everything up, it’s time to shut it down:
sudo shutdown -P now
After it’s shut down, take your Raspberry Pi and plug it in to an empty Ethernet port on your router, then plug in the power.
Logging In to the Pi-Hole
Go to another machine on your network and ping the IP address of the Pi-Hole to make sure it’s on the network. After it reports back, connect to it in a browser by navigating to http://<pihole-ip-address>/admin. Log in with the username ‘admin’ and the password you specified.
Configuring your Router
After you’ve confirmed that your Pi-Hole is up, running, and you can log in to the admin interface, it’s time to configure all DNS requests to flow through your Pi-Hole for maximum DNS blockage!
We need to configure preferred DNS settigns, so log into your router (typically 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1) and find the DNS settings. Set the primary DNS server to the IP address of your Pi-Hole and the secondary to whatever you’d like (I chose 8.8.8.8, one of Google’s DNS servers).
After setting your DNS servers, your router will likely need to reboot.
Confirming it’s Working
To confirm it’s working, log back into your Pi-Hole console and go to the Query Log. You should see it being populated by the domains you and anyone else on your network has been visiting.
After a day of using it, it’s already blocked 8% of my traffic:
How Does This Help Me?
Pi-hole was initially developed to block ads for all devices on your network without the need of a browser plug-in. This not only helps decrease the amount of bandwidth you’re using, but also gets rid of all of those annoying ads (including malvertising). Because the blocking ability of Pi-hole is based on DNS, the content you choose to block is completely up to you. To get a better idea of what is being blocked, log in to your Pi-hole admin console and navigate to Settings. You can see what lists the Pi-hole is using to generate it’s Gravity file (the master blockage file, if you will).
We can look at the exact domains by clicking on any of the files in the list. Looking at the first file in the list, Steven Black’s unified hosts lists, we can see that in addition to blocking ads, it’s also blocking trackers, analytics engines, browser-based cryptocurrency mining sites, as well as thousands malware domains. In addition to those categories, it’s also blocking shock sites, spyware domains, and scam sites. As you can see, it’s not just cleaning up ads.
You can also customize what you are blocking by adding or removing lists. For example, Steven Black has additional lists you can add to your Pi-hole configuration that include the blocking of fakenews, gambling, porn, and social media sites.
Block to your heart’s desire.
Wrapping Up
Using DNS to ‘clean your pipes’ is very powerful, in that it affects all devices on your network without having to install plugins, agents, or additional software. Having the ability to block known malicious sites, whether they be phishing domains, malvertising, drive-by malware, or malware beaconing domains, is something most organizations would pay a considerable amount of money for because it’s such a powerful tool to reduce risk. It can also be a valuable troubleshooting and investigative tool when trying to determine what hosts are being queried and at what time.
Although Pi-hole doesn’t scale to large enterprise (simply because of the amount of DNS requests), the block lists absolutely do. If you have the ability to sinkhole domains in your organization, I recommend utilizing some of the mentioned blocklists in this post. If you don’t currently have at tool to sinkhole DNS requests, you can build one using PowerShell!
If you do build a Pi-hole, I highly recommend donating to their project.
Using DNS to Clean Your Pipes was originally published in Savage Security Blog on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.
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lyncnews · 8 years ago
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Starting with Skype for Business Cloud Connector (Cloud Connector) 1.4.1, we introduced an automated update process: Cloud Connector automatically update based on the update schedule that administrators have configured for their Cloud Connector Hybrid PSTN Sites. This article goes into the details of this automatic update.
  Note: Cloud Connector should be viewed as a part of Skype for Business Service. We are constantly improving the service and make changes in the Service and in Cloud Connector. If you do not update the Cloud Connector to the latest release, you might end up in the situation when your Cloud Connector will not work properly. Imagine the situation, Microsoft updated the service, added changes in Cloud Connector code to make it work with the new version of the service, but if you don’t update the Cloud Connector, your telephony will not work. Because of these, Microsoft supports only the latest version of Cloud Connector software. Also, to accommodate Update Window, we support the N-1 version for 30 days after releasing a new version.
  Auto Update Requirements
Outbound internet access to install, manage, and update Cloud Connector on Host Appliance.
Outbound internet access on all Cloud Connector VM’s to download Windows updates, or, access to WSUS server as defined in Cloud Connector configuration file.
Skype for Business Online PowerShell Module installed on Host Appliance.
CCE Management Service is running on Host Appliance.
Group Policy to prevent forcefully unloading user registry at log off (required for 1.4.1).
Skype for Business Tenant Admin account.
Initial Setup
When the first Cloud Connector appliance is registered, a PSTN site is configured in the Office 365 Skype for Business Tenant, with the name of the Site as defined in the Cloud Connector configuration file Auto update is enabled, and default time windows are configured for both the software (bits) and operating   system (windows) with corresponding Tenant Update Time Windows that are configured in the tenant as part of this registration process. See the image below.
  Confirm or Modify the Update Schedule for Hybrid PSTN Site(s)
To confirm the schedule for updating Cloud Connector software, administrators can view the Hybrid PSTN site update schedule in Skype for Business Admin Center in the on premises PSTN tab of the Voice section. Note that updates will run based on the local host time of the Cloud Connector appliance.
Please be sure to confirm that auto update is enabled and that a bits update time window is set to correspond to the maintenance window that you want the updates to run. The time that updates will occur is based on the local time of the Cloud Connector host appliance. For example, if the update time window is set for 11PM and the Cloud Connector appliance is in Amsterdam, the updates will occur at 11PM CET (UTC+1).
For details on how to configure update time windows, please refer to Modify the configuration of an existing Cloud Connector deployment.
  Cloud Connector Update Process
The CCE Management service uses cached update time window information stored in the root of the CCE Site DirectoryTenant_<EdgeFQDN> file when checking if updates run. This file is updated from O365 tenant every 30 minutes. Therefore, if you modify the schedule online, it can take up to 30 minutes for the change to be implemented on the host appliance.
  Overall Auto Update Process
  The auto update process will run on the schedule set by Tenant Administrator based on local host appliance clock
Update detection will continue to run for the duration specified in the update time window.
If an update is detected, the update process in is oked.
The appliance will be put in maintenance mode and only one appliance per site can enter maintenance mode. The maintenance mode lock is written to the root of the CCE Appliance DirectoryCceSevicePersistent file
{"AutoMaintenanceStatus":#,"IsInManualMaintenance":false} 0=None, 1=Bits Update, 2=OS Update, 3=RecoveryMode
Update tasks will run.
Once updates are completed and all services are confirmed running, the Appliance will be taken out of maintenance mode.
Repeat steps for the next appliance in site.
Monitor Update Process
The Cloud Connector management service will log events to the Windows Application log with a source of CCEManagementService and detailed information will be written to "C:Program FilesSkype for Business Cloud Connector EditionManagementServiceCceManagementService.log".
Note: the CCEManagementService.log can grow quite large, so you might want to stop the CCE Management Service, and rename this log periodically.  There are plans to modify logging in the future to prevent log growth. If the log file size becomes too large to open in a text editor, you must use a text file splitter to break into smaller segments.
You can also see the status of the appliance by running Get-CsPSTNHybridAppliance in Remote PowerShell or by viewing in on premises PSTN tab in the Voice section of the Skype for Business Admin Center.
  Bits Update Process
During this process, the running version remains in service, and an interim switch is used to connect to the new VM’s. Once the new version installation is complete and services are confirmed to be running, the old version is drained stopped and the network connections are switched to the new version.
  Bits update is detected based on the scheduled time window.
Bits update task is triggered.
The Cloud Connector download site is queried and if a new build is detected, then the update will occur.
The appliance is put in maintenance mode, and the appliance status is updated in the Tenant showing Status of Maintenance, and DeploymentStatus of Upgrading, with the new version and the start time that the update began.
Cloud Connector bits are downloaded.
The CCE management service is stopped.
The Skype for Business Online Cloud Connector edition software is updated which requires uninstalling the old version and installing the new version.
New virtual machines are built from the existing VHDX file. If the VHDX is detected to be older than 90 days, the Install Instance script will log the following warning:
SFBServer.vhdx was generated more than 90 days before. Use Convert-CcIsoToVhdx to generate it again and apply windows updates.
Note: It is recommended that a new VHDX be built periodically to reduce the amount of time to perform Windows updates for new and updated Cloud Connector machines. It’s not supported to update the VHDX with Windows update and re-run Sysprep as there are a limited number of times that Sysprep can run on a computer.
Once the deployment of the new Cloud Connector is completed and services confirmed running, the switch to the new version will occur as follows:
Change virtual network connections to new Cloud Connector virtual machines
Shut down the N+1 version
Remove N+2 version and delete the virtual disks.
The appliance will be taken out of maintenance mode, and the appliance status is updated in the Tenant to reflect updated Status of running, Version number of new build, and DeploymentStatus of Upgraded.
Detailed logs for the download, upgrade of the Cloud Connector software, new version installation and switch to new build will be written to the Logs folder located in the root of the Appliance directory.
Windows Update Process
Windows update process is performed on the active running version. Therefore, when a windows update is detected, the appliance is drained stopped and put in maintenance mode.
OS update is detected during scheduled time window.
OS update task is triggered.
The appliance is put in maintenance mode, and the appliance status is updated in the Tenant showing Status of Maintenance, and OsUpdateStatus of Upgrading, with start time.
The RTCSRV service on Edge and the RTCSRV and RTCMEDSRV services on Mediation server are drained stopped.
OS update PowerShell script is copied to the root of the System drive on all CCE VM’s.
Local windows update service is triggered to check for updates either against Windows Updates Internet service, or the local WSUS server defined in Cloud Connector configuration file.
Updates are installed and a check for virtual machine restart is run. If a restart is required, all Cloud Connector virtual machines are restarted, then a second check for restart is run.
Once updates are completed on all virtual machines, the updates are run on the host appliance and its restarted.
Once the host has been restarted and no additional restarts are confirmed, the appliance is  taken out of maintenance mode, and the appliance status is updated in the Tenant to reflect updated Status of Running, and OSUpdateStatus of Updated.
Troubleshooting Auto Update
CCE Management Service Logging Level: If you need more diagnostic logging, you can modify the logging level to verbose for the following two settings in the Microsoft.Rtc.CCE.ManagementService.exe.config located in the "C:Program FilesSkype for Business Cloud Connector EditionManagementService folder. (This will cause rapid log growth):
<add name="serviceSwitch" value="Information"/> <add name="powershellSwitch" value="Warning"/>
  If updates are not running because another maintenance task is detected, check the status of the CCE Appliance DirectoryCceSevicePersistent file to determine what task is running.
{"AutoMaintenanceStatus":#,"IsInManualMaintenance":false} 0=None, 1=Bits Update, 2=OS Update, 3=RecoveryMode
Bits update failed to switch version is logged by the CCE Management Service with following error:
CceService Error: 20003: Bits update failed to switch version. Appliance running status: Running, error detail: Failed to drain services with exception: [192.168.213.4] Connecting to remote server192.168.213.4 failed with the following error message: Access is denied
Check the networking status on the virtual machines and be sure there are no duplicate IP’s configured.
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enterinit · 6 years ago
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System Center Configuration Manager current branch Update 1906 released
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System Center Configuration Manager current branch Update 1906 released. Version 1906 client requires SHA-2 code signing support Because of weaknesses in the SHA-1 algorithm and to align to industry standards, Microsoft now only signs Configuration Manager binaries using the more secure SHA-2 algorithm. The following Windows OS versions require an update for SHA-2 code signing support: Windows 7 SP1Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1Windows Server 2008 SP2 Use Desktop Analytics with Configuration Manager to: Create an inventory of apps running in your organization.Assess app compatibility with the latest Windows 10 feature updates.Identify compatibility issues and receive mitigation suggestions based on cloud-enabled data insights.Create pilot groups that represent the entire application and driver estate across a minimal set of devices.Deploy Windows 10 to pilot and production-managed devices using Configuration Manager.Minimize deployment risks by monitoring the health state of your devices during and after the deployment.Ensure your devices are still supported with security and feature updates status. Management insights rule for NTLM fallback Management insights includes a new rule that detects if you enabled the less secure NTLM authentication fallback method for the site: NTLM fallback is enabled. Improvements to support for SQL Always On Add a new synchronous replica from setup: You can now add a new secondary replica node to an existing SQL Always On availability group. Instead of a manual process, use Configuration Manager setup to make this change.Multi-subnet failover: You can now enable the MultiSubnetFailover connection string keyword in SQL Server. You also need to manually configure the site server.Support for distributed views: The site database can be hosted on a SQL Server Always On availability group, and you can enable database replication links to use distributed views. This change doesn't apply to SQL Server clusters. Site recovery can recreate the database on a SQL Always On group. This process works with both manual and automatic seeding. New setup prerequisite checks: SQL availability group replicas must all have the same seeding modeSQL availability group replicas must be healthy This release also includes:
Cloud Value
Multiple pilot groups for co-management workloads - You can now configure different pilot collections for each of the co-management workloads. Using different pilot collections allows you to take a more granular approach when shifting workloads. Improvements to co-management auto-enrollment - A new co-managed device now automatically enrolls to the Microsoft Intune service based on its Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) device token. Azure Active Directory user group discovery - You can now discover user groups and members of those groups from Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). Synchronize collection membership results to Azure Active Directory groups (Pre-release) - You can now enable the synchronization of collection memberships to an Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) group. Support for Windows Virtual Desktop - Windows Virtual Desktop is a preview feature of Microsoft Azure and Microsoft 365. You can now use Configuration Manager to manage these virtual devices running Windows in Azure.
Customer Voice
Site infrastructure Site server maintenance task improvements - Site server maintenance tasks can now be viewed and edited from their own tab on the details view of a site server. The new Maintenance Tasks tab gives you information such as: If the task is enabledThe task scheduleLast start timeLast completion timeIf the task completed successfully Configuration Manager update database upgrade monitoring – Improved progress monitoring in the installation status window and information about blocking tasks. When applying a Configuration Manager update, you can now see the state of the Upgrade ConfigMgr database task in the installation status window. If the database upgrade is blocked, then you'll be given the warning, In progress, needs attention. The cmupdate.log will log the program name and sessionid from SQL that is blocking the database upgrade. When the database upgrade is no longer blocked, the status will be reset to In progress or Complete. When the database upgrade is blocked, a check is done every 5 minutes to see if it's still blocked. Application management Application groups (Pre-release) - Create a group of applications that you can send to a user or device collection as a single deployment.Filter applications deployed to devices - User categories for device-targeted application deployments now show as filters in Software Center. This release includes the following infrastructure improvements to Software Center: Software Center now communicates with a management point for apps targeted to users as available. It doesn't use the application catalog anymore. This change makes it easier for you to remove the application catalog from the site. Previously, Software Center picked the first management point from the list of available servers. Starting in this release, it uses the same management point that the client uses. This change allows Software Center to use the same management point from the assigned primary site as the client. These iterative improvements to Software Center and the management point are to retire the application catalog roles. The Silverlight user experience isn't supported as of current branch version 1806.Starting in version 1906, updated clients automatically use the management point for user-available application deployments. You also can't install new application catalog roles.In the first current branch release after October 31, 2019, support will end for the application catalog roles. Operating System Deployment Task sequence debugger (Pre-release) - The task sequence debugger is a new troubleshooting tool. You deploy a task sequence in debug mode to a collection of one device.Multiple improvements based on UserVoice feedback – This includes the ability to clear app content from client cache, reclaim SEDO lock for task sequences, pre-cache driver packages and OS images, and more. Improvements to OS deployment This release includes the following improvements to OS deployment: Use the following two PowerShell cmdlets to create and edit the Run Task Sequence step: New-CMTSStepRunTaskSequence Set-CMTSStepRunTaskSequence It's now easier to edit variables when you run a task sequence. After you select a task sequence in the Task Sequence Wizard window, the page to edit task sequence variables includes an Edit button.The Disable BitLocker task sequence step has a new restart counter. Use this option to specify the number of restarts to keep BitLocker disabled. This change helps you simplify your task sequence. You can use a single step, instead of adding multiple instances of this step. Use the new task sequence variable SMSTSRebootDelayNext with the existing SMSTSRebootDelay variable. If you want any later reboots to happen with a different timeout than the first, set this new variable to a different value in seconds.The task sequence sets a new read-only variable _SMSTSLastContentDownloadLocation. This variable contains the last location where the task sequence downloaded or attempted to download content. Inspect this variable instead of parsing the client logs. Software updates Additional options for WSUS maintenance - You now have additional WSUS maintenance tasks that Configuration Manager can run to maintain healthy software update points. This release includes the following infrastructure improvements to Software Center: Software Center now communicates with a management point for apps targeted to users as available. It doesn't use the application catalog anymore. This change makes it easier for you to remove the application catalog from the site. Previously, Software Center picked the first management point from the list of available servers. Starting in this release, it uses the same management point that the client uses. This change allows Software Center to use the same management point from the assigned primary site as the client. These iterative improvements to Software Center and the management point are to retire the application catalog roles. The Silverlight user experience isn't supported as of current branch version 1806.Starting in version 1906, updated clients automatically use the management point for user-available application deployments. You also can't install new application catalog roles.In the first current branch release after October 31, 2019, support will end for the application catalog roles. Configuration Manager Console Role-based access for folders - You can now set security scopes on folders. If you have access to an object in the folder, but don't have access to the folder, you'll be unable to see the object.Multiple improvements based on UserVoice feedback – This includes adding a collections tab in devices node, adding a task sequences tab in applications node, and improved multi-select support. Real-time management Add joins, additional operators, and aggregators in CMPivot – For CMPivot, you now have additional arithmetic operators, aggregators, and the ability to add query joins such as using Registry and File together.CMPivot standalone (Pre-release) - You can now use CMPivot as a standalone app outside of the Administrative Console. This enables you to share the power of CMPivot with other personas, such as helpdesk or security admins, who don’t have the console installed on their computer. Added permissions to the Security Administrator role The following permissions have been added to Configuration Manager's built-in Security Administrator role: Read on SMS ScriptRun CMPivot on CollectionRead on Inventory Report Office 365 ProPlus upgrade readiness dashboard To help you determine which devices are ready to upgrade to Office 365 ProPlus, there's a new readiness dashboard. It includes the Office 365 ProPlus upgrade readiness tile that released in Configuration Manager current branch version 1902. In the Configuration Manager console, go to the Software Library workspace, expand Office 365 Client Management, and select the Office 365 ProPlus Upgrade Readiness node.
Protection
Windows Defender Application Guard file trust criteria There's a new policy setting that enables users to trust files that normally open in Windows Defender Application Guard (WDAG). Upon successful completion, the files will open on the host device instead of in WDAG.
Protection
Windows Defender Application Guard file trust criteria There's a new policy setting that enables users to trust files that normally open in Windows Defender Application Guard (WDAG). Upon successful completion, the files will open on the host device instead of in WDAG.
Deprecated features and operating systems
Version 1906 drops support for the following features: Classic service deployment to Azure for cloud management gateway and cloud distribution point.You can't install new application catalog roles. Updated clients automatically use the management point for user-available application deployments. Version 1906 deprecates support for the following products: Windows CE 7.0Windows 10 MobileWindows 10 Mobile Enterprise Support Center OneTrace (Preview) OneTrace is a new log viewer with Support Center. It works similarly to CMTrace, with the following improvements: A tabbed viewDockable windowsImproved search capabilitiesAbility to enable filters without leaving the log viewScrollbar hints to quickly identify clusters of errorsFast log opening for large files Note: As the update is rolled out globally in the coming weeks, it will be automatically downloaded, and you’ll be notified when it’s ready to install from the “Updates and Servicing” node in your Configuration Manager console. If you can’t wait to try these new features, use the PowerShell script to ensure that you are in the first wave of customers getting the update. By running this script, you’ll see the update available in your console right away.   Read the full article
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robertbryantblog · 6 years ago
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robertbryantblog · 6 years ago
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